Half-time conferences | Suggestions for the half-time period | Substitutions | Why substitute? | Substitution guide rules | Time-outs | Reason for time-outs | Using the time-out period to full advantage

The proper organization of half-time conferences and the wise use of substitutions and time-outs provide excellent opportunities for the coach to control the game and to make intelligent changes that will strengthen chances for victory. Definite plans should guide the coach in the use of all three of these valuable coaching tools.

Half-Time Conferences

Half-time conferences should be organized so that the coach may cover the following:

1. Scorebook and Charts.

2. Individual and team offensive mistakes.

3. Individual and team defensive mistakes.

4. Offense and defense of the opponents.

5. Second-half strategy.

Suggestions for the Half-Time Period

1. Allow players a few moments of relaxation at half-time before be ginning review of the first half performance. During this period of relaxation, the coach should be studying the scorebook and various charts for possible second-half strategic changes.

2. Provide players with small amounts of coke, orange juice, chocolate bars, or some other desirable food or drink to combat  "cotton mouth."

3. Insist on complete attention by all players once the review is begun.

4. Follow an organized plan so that the review may be as complete as possible in the minimum time available.

5. Use a chalk-board when discussing offensive and defensive plays.

6. Allow players  to return to  the floor for at  least  three  minutes' warm-up prior to the second-half.

Substitutions

Why Substitute?

Substitutions are necessary for a multitude of reasons. Among the most common are:

1. To rest players.

2. Because of repeated mistakes.

3. Because of "off" nights.

4. Because of excessive fouling.

5. To convey information to the team.

6. Because of an offensive or defensive change by the opponents.

7. To maintain discipline.

8. To maintain morale.

Substitution Guide Rules

1. Substitutions should be made to strengthen chances for victory.

2. The coach must know thoroughly the strengths and weaknesses of his players to be able to correctly substitute.

3. In general, do not break up a winning combination if the game is going well.

Time-Outs

Reason for Time-Outs

1. To make changes in game strategy.

2. To stop rallies or "hot streaks" by opponents.

3. To allow players to rest.

4. To correct offensive and defensive mistakes.

5. Because of surprise moves by the opponents.

Using the Time-Out Period to Full Advantage

1. When a time-out is called, players should hustle to their bench. A minimum of time is available and should not be wasted by lagging to the bench.

2. Players should huddle and talking should be done in an organized manner with one person speaking at a time. Demand strict attention of all.

3. Discuss mistakes being made and suggestions for correction. Clearly explain any changes necessary in game strategy. Answer strategic questions, such as, why the opponents are getting the fast-break, why the opponents are getting so many offensive rebounds, and who has a weak defensive player guarding him.

4. Words of encouragement or reprimand are often needed dependent on the manner of play and the situation.

5. Save at least two time-outs for the last few minutes of play. No more than one time-out should be called during the first half unless absolutely necessary.

6. Call time-outs very sparingly against the poorly conditioned opponent.

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